Bentonite bụ mineral na-abụghị ọla nwere montmorillonite dị ka isi akụrụngwa ịnweta.Ihe owuwu montmorillonite bụ ụdị kristal 2:1 nke nwere silicon oxide tetrahedrons abụọ nwere akwa akwa nke aluminom oxide octahedron.N'ihi nhazi nke oyi akwa nke cell montmorillonite kristal kpụrụ, e nwere ụfọdụ cations, dị ka Cu, Mg, Na, K, wdg, na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti cations ndị a na montmorillonite crystal cell bụ ihe na-adịghị akwụsi ike, nke dị mfe ịbụ. gbanwere cations ndị ọzọ, ya mere ọ nwere ezigbo mgbanwe mgbanwe ion.Na mba ofesi, etinyere ya n'ọrụ karịa ngalaba 100 na mpaghara 24 nke mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ na ọrụ ugbo, yana ihe karịrị 300 ngwaahịa, yabụ ndị mmadụ na-akpọ ya "ala ụwa niile".

A na-akpọkwa Bentonite dị ka bentonite, bentonite, ma ọ bụ bentonite.China nwere ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmepe na iji bentonite, nke a na-ejibu naanị dị ka ihe ncha.(E nwere ogbunigwe mepere emepe na mpaghara Renshou nke Sichuan ọtụtụ narị afọ gara aga, na ndị obodo a na-akpọ ntụ ntụ bentonite.).A na-eji ya naanị ihe karịrị otu narị afọ.Nchọpụta izizi na United States bụ na strata ochie nke Wyoming, ebe ụrọ na-acha odo odo na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, nke nwere ike gbasaa n'ime mado ma gbakwunye mmiri, na-akpọkọta ọnụ dị ka bentonite.N'ezie, akụkụ bụ isi nke bentonite bụ montmorillonite, nke nwere ọdịnaya nke 85-90%.montmorillonite na-ekpebikwa ụfọdụ akụrụngwa nke bentonite.Montmorillonite nwere ike were agba dị iche iche dịka akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-acha odo odo, ọcha odo, isi awọ, ọcha na ndị ọzọ.Ọ nwere ike ịmalite nnukwu mkpọmkpọ ma ọ bụ ala rụrụ arụ, na-enwe mmetụta na-amị amị mgbe ejiri mkpịsị aka gị na-ete ya.Mgbe agbakwunyere mmiri, obere ahụ na-agbasa ọtụtụ ugboro ruo ugboro 20-30 na olu, ma na-egosi na a kwụsịrị na mmiri.Mgbe obere mmiri dị, ọ na-egosi na ọ dị nro.Njirimara nke montmorillonite metụtara ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ ya na nhazi ime ya.

Ala ịcha ọcha

Ya bụ, ụrọ ọcha na-apụta n'ọdịdị nke nwere ihe ịcha ọcha bụ ụrọ na-acha ọcha, na-acha ntụ ntụ bụ nke montmorillonite, albite na quartz mejupụtara, ma bụrụkwa ụdị bentonite.

Ọ bụ tumadi ngwaahịa nke decomposition nke vitreous mgbawa ugwu, nke na-adịghị gbasaa mgbe absorbing mmiri, na pH uru nke nkwusioru bụ adịghị ike acid, nke dị iche na alkaline bentonite;Ọrụ ịcha ọcha ya dị njọ karịa nke ụrọ na-arụ ọrụ.Agba ndị a na-agụnyekarị odo odo, ọcha ndụ ndụ ndụ, isi awọ, agba olive, aja aja, ọcha mmiri ara ehi, peach red, blue, na ndị ọzọ.Obere ole na ole dị ọcha.Njupụta: 2.7-2.9g/cm.Njupụta pụtara ìhè na-adịkarị ala n'ihi porosity.The chemical mejupụtara yiri nke nkịtị ụrọ, na isi chemical components ịbụ aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, mmiri, na a obere ego nke ígwè, magnesium, calcium, wdg Ọ dịghị plasticity, elu adsorption.N'ihi nnukwu ọdịnaya nke hydrous silicic acid, ọ bụ acidic na litmus.Mmiri na-adịkarị mfe ịgbawa ma nwee nnukwu ọdịnaya mmiri.N'ozuzu, ka mma dị mma, nke dị elu nke ike decolorization.

N'oge usoro nyocha, mgbe a na-eme nyocha dị mma, ọ dị mkpa iji tụọ arụmọrụ ịcha ọcha ya, acidity, arụmọrụ filtration, nnabata mmanụ, na ihe ndị ọzọ.

Bentonite mmanụ
Bentonite ore bụ ịnweta nwere ọtụtụ ojiji, yana ogo ya na ngwa ngwa na-adabere na ọdịnaya yana ụdị njirimara montmorillonite na njirimara kemịkalụ kristal ya.Ya mere, mmepe na ojiji ya ga-adịgasị iche site na nke m ruo nke m yana site na ọrụ gaa na ọrụ.Dị ka ihe atụ, mmepụta nke na-arụ ọrụ ụrọ, calcium dabeere sodium dabeere, mkpọ ala grouting maka mmanụ ala mkpọ ala, dochie starch dị ka a slurry maka spinning, ibipụta na dyeing, na-eji ime na mputa mgbidi coatings na ụlọ ihe, na-akwadebe organic bentonite, synthesizing 4A zeolite. site na bentonite, na-emepụta carbon ojii na-acha ọcha, na ihe ndị ọzọ.

Ọdịiche dị n'etiti calcium dabeere na sodium dabeere

Ụdị bentonite kpebisiri ike site na ụdị interlayer cation na bentonite.Mgbe cation interlayer bụ Na+, a na-akpọ ya bentonite sodium dabeere;A na-akpọ bentonite nke dabeere na Calcium mgbe njikọ interlayer bụ Ca+.Sodium montmorillonite (ma ọ bụ sodium bentonite) nwere ihe dị mma karịa bentonite dabeere na calcium.Otú ọ dị, nkesa nke ala calcareous n'ụwa dị nnọọ mbara karịa nke ala sodium.Ya mere, na mgbakwunye na ime ka ịchọọ ala sodium sikwuo ike, ọ dị mkpa iji gbanwee ala calcareous iji mee ka ọ ghọọ ala sodium.